Ceramic Flat Irons Could Damage Hair and Lead to Hair Breakage

Posted by Sandy

July 30, 2008

Ceramic Flat Iron While hairstyles come and go, pin-straight hair favored by A-list celebrities and emulated by scores of loyal fans from coast to coast appears to have real staying power. That’s
why the use of flat irons, which are used to straighten hair, has increased
in popularity in recent years. Now, dermatologists warn that some flat
irons can damage hair and cause hair breakage which could put a crimp in
this coveted hairstyle.

At the American Academy of Dermatology’s Summer Academy Meeting 2008 in
Chicago, dermatologist Paradi Mirmirani, MD, FAAD, assistant clinical
professor of dermatology, University of California, San Francisco,
presented evidence that when ceramic flat irons are used improperly or too
frequently, hair breakage can occur.

“The newer flat irons that have a ceramic coating instead of a metal
one are marketed as providing more rapid and uniform heat transmission.
While this allows for quicker straightening of the hair with less damage,
it is really a classic case of buyer beware,” said Dr. Mirmirani. “We’re
seeing that when these ceramic flat irons are used at the highest heat
settings and on a daily basis to achieve straight hair, they can really
take a toll on the structure of the hair and cause very noticeable problems
that can be hard to repair.”

Temporary hair straightening using a flat iron is achieved by applying
heated tongs to the length of the hair. This heat breaks and then reforms
the hydrogen bonds in the inner core of the hair fiber. Dr. Mirmirani noted
that while the goal of straightening is to alter the inner substance of the
hair, the unwanted consequence may be damage to the outer protective
cuticle, causing weathering, damage and eventual hair breakage.

Hair weathering or damage is usually characterized by dry ends or
flyaway hair. However, if breakage occurs, it can happen anywhere along the
length of the hair and cause a shaggy or skimpy appearance to the hair.
When this occurs, flat iron users may use the device even more frequently
to try to tame the broken or uneven appearance of their hair — which can
lead to more damage.

Today, many ceramic flat irons on the market have variable heat
settings with maximum temperatures of up to 410 degrees Fahrenheit (210
degrees Celsius). Prior studies have shown that temperatures of 347 to 419
degrees Fahrenheit (175 to 215 degrees Celsius) for as little as five
minutes are enough to damage most hair. However, Dr. Mirmirani warns this
threshold may be even lower if the heat is applied to damp hair or hair
that has been chemically treated with color or permanents, as she is seeing
patients who fit this scenario more frequently. If women are not willing to
give up their flat irons in the quest for straight hair, Dr. Mirmirani
advised them to take precautions.

“Proper use of flat irons is extremely important, especially given how
quickly hair can be damaged with high heat settings,” said Dr. Mirmirani.
“Flat irons should only be applied to dry hair, and specialized styling
products that act as heat protectors may be applied to the hair prior to
pressing to help prevent burning and allow for smoother hair that remains
straight longer. If there is a temperature setting on the device, it should
be set no higher than 347 degrees Fahrenheit, or 175 degrees Celsius, or on
the low/medium setting.”

Although how frequently a flat iron should be used depends on an
individual’s hair type, Dr. Mirmirani recommended that these devices should
probably not be used more than two to three times per week. For those who
won’t leave home without the ultra straight look, Dr. Mirmirani
acknowledged that forgoing the daily flat iron routine will take willpower
– but the end result will be healthier, stronger hair that is not as prone
to breakage and will look better in the long run.

Dr. Mirmirani added that for many women and young girls, flat irons are
not the only source of hair damage. “Improper hair care is a common cause
of hair loss, and excessive or improper use of devices, such as flat irons,
is only one piece of the puzzle,” she said. “In fact, many of the styling
products that women routinely use — including hair dyes, perms and
relaxers — can all cause hair breakage. Pairing these products with the
regular use of a flat iron to straighten hair could exacerbate hair
breakage and cause lasting damage if left untreated.”

Treatment of damaged or broken hair includes avoiding any heat or
chemicals, cutting the damaged hair, and minimizing friction to the hair.
Because it does not affect normal hair growth, most hair loss from breakage
is temporary. Once hair is sufficiently damaged, it may take up to two
years to be fully repaired. For successful diagnosis and treatment of hair
damage, including hair loss, see your dermatologist.

Headquartered in Schaumburg, Ill., the American Academy of Dermatology
(Academy), founded in 1938, is the largest, most influential, and most
representative of all dermatologic associations. With a membership of more
than 15,000 physicians worldwide, the Academy is committed to: advancing
the diagnosis and medical, surgical and cosmetic treatment of the skin,
hair and nails; advocating high standards in clinical practice, education,
and research in dermatology; and supporting and enhancing patient care for
a lifetime of healthier skin, hair and nails. For more information, contact
the Academy at 1-888-462-DERM (3376) or http://www.aad.org.